
Guide
Washing clothes: these 5 common mistakes are ruining your clothing
by Stephanie Vinzens
Detergents are mixtures of various substances in liquid or powder form or in the form of caps or pods that are used to clean textiles. Detergents dissolve dirt and care for the fibres when washing textiles. The type and distribution of ingredients varies from detergent to detergent, depending on the use and structure of the textiles.
General-purpose detergents, also known as heavy-duty detergents, have a wide range of applications for temperatures from 30 to 95 degrees. They are particularly suitable for heavy soiling and less delicate laundry. They also counteract the yellowing of white laundry. They may contain bleaching agents and other optical brighteners and are not suitable for wool and silk.
Delicate detergents clean laundry without bleach and optical brighteners and are ideal for washing delicate fabrics at temperatures from 20 to 40 degrees.
Fabric softeners usually contain catalytic surfactants that wrap around the fibres like a sheath and ensure that the laundry does not become stiff and the colours fade less quickly. The clothes are also freshened up by the additional fragrance. Fabric softeners, however, can pollute the water.
Washing aids include stain removers, water softeners, colour protection cloths, tumbling cloths and waterproofing agents. The packaging sizes are given in number of washes. The packaging units can be divided into three sizes depending on the number of washes: Small containers up to 30 wash cycles, medium containers up to 70, large containers everything over 70.