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The book provides information on the importance of blood pressure measurement during and after standardized ergometry from diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic perspectives. The high variability of resting blood pressure can lead to misjudgments, especially in cases of mild hypertension. In contrast, standardized ergometry allows for a clear distinction between normotensive and hypertensive blood pressure behavior, enabling predictions about future hypertension development even in individuals with normal resting blood pressure. Clinical studies show that the cardiovascular risk of hypertensive patients is particularly characterized by the level of systolic exercise blood pressure. This is true for the occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy, which is a major cardiovascular risk factor, as well as for prognosis after a myocardial infarction. A well-controlled resting blood pressure does not guarantee that blood pressure remains adequately lowered during stress conditions. On the other hand, resting blood pressure can also be affected by external influences during therapy, posing the risk of overtreatment. This discrepancy can be revealed through ergometry. The reader will be thoroughly informed about these relationships and the practical implementation, based on the latest literature.