Spektrum Spezial - Astronomie der Extreme

At the centre of galaxies are gigantic black holes that hurl swirling matter far into space (illustration below). The radiation produced by these processes not only causes occasional intense flashes of light, but also has a lasting effect on the development of the entire galactic environment. In general, black holes are fascinating objects of study. Both because of their influence on the growth of cosmic structures and also as the ultimate test of the general theory of relativity. Their environment pushes Einstein's assumptions about space and time to their limits. However, tests of our physical world view also present themselves in other places. Every time mankind gains insights into new areas of the universe, astonishing discoveries are made. On the one hand, it is observation campaigns on the very large structures that reveal inconsistencies in the theories. On the other hand, even comparatively close phenomena in our solar system still harbour many surprises.