Philosophische Schriften. Band 1

The first volume of the "Philosophical Writings" contains the Categories, the Introduction to the Categories (Isagoge) by Porphyrios, the Hermeneutics (De interpretatione), the First Analytics and the Second Analytics and thus, together with the Topics and the Sophistical Refutations (Volume 2), the basic concepts of Aristotelian logic and philosophy of science.
Categories, hermeneutics and isagoge formed the canonical body of what later became known as the Logica vetus until the 12th century. In it, Aristotle established a new logic and metaphysics based on his theory of categories, thereby breaking with the prevailing theory of ideas of his teacher Plato. For Aristotle, the question of the being of things is posed through reflection on language and not under the Platonic aspect of participation in objective ideas. Aristotle expands this concept in the Hermeneutics, where he explains the systematics of propositions. The First Analytics is regarded as the founding text of logic as a science, as its basic building blocks and the structure of analytical thinking are conceptualised in it. The Second Analytics presents a theory of knowledge in which Aristotle argues that sensory perception precedes the emergence of knowledge.