Europa, Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und nachhaltige Entwicklung

The European Union hardly integrates competitiveness and sustainability. Industrial policy, competition policy, regional policy, and cluster policy form the policy mix of the European Union. One difference between development theory and competition theory is that competition theory provides us with a new narrative about clustering and networking. Today, we can read many articles about clustering and networking. One reason for this is that it is something new. All authors tend to write about something new. Nevertheless, we also have the oldest concept of industrial policy, which is still useful today. Keynesians want the government to support domestic companies when there seems to be competition under the motto "The winner takes it all" for future monopoly profits. The new mindset suggests that we need strict competition regulation and a well-developed business environment. Therefore, the government must do more for the quality of the business environment. If a country has a better-developed business environment than others, companies are more competitive in the long run.