Beiträge zur Entzündung und Brandausbreitung

A damage fire encompasses several phases, from ignition and spread to full blaze and burnout. Particularly in the initial phase of a fire, targeted measures can prevent the development into a full blaze or at least extend the time until the full blaze phase occurs. Therefore, it is of great interest for fire protection calculations in buildings to know this fire development as accurately as possible. This work focuses on the initial phase of a fire. In this phase, ignition occurs, and the fire spreads beyond the ignition area, meaning these are very small fires with very small fire areas and low intensities. The ignition and fire spread are examined using small samples of filter paper made of cellulose and PMMA in different surface orientations (horizontal, vertical, inclined). The insights gained from experiments, approximate calculations, and fire simulations using the CFD model FDS 5 are compared with each other, and their applicability for predicting fire development is assessed.