The cable can only provide fast charging in conjunction with the fast charging power supply unit if the mobile or other device is also designed for this. Otherwise, the devices will only accept normal charging.
According to the specifications, the cable is only designed for up to 3 A, but the power supply is designed for up to 5 A, which is why the full charging current cannot flow and the charging time is longer. I recommend using a USB-C cable that is rated for up to 5 A, such as this one from Delock: Delock USB2.0 cable TypeC-TypC: 1m, E-Marker, 5A (1 m)
I'm using this cable to power my MacBook from an adapter (not from screen), but the screen you listed above does have a USB-C Thunderbolt port with 85W power delivery. So technically, this screen should be able to charge your laptop over this cable.